Tabulating machine



y 1 e. v. A. 'MALMROS 2.199.5 4

TABULATING MACHINE Filed larch 5, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG1 W" BYATTORNEY reams May 1, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE TABULATINGMACHINE Gustav V. A. Malmros, Binghamton, N. Y., assignor toInternational Business Machines Gorporation, New York, N. Y., acorporation of This case relates to card accounting or tabulatingmachines.

The control or record card of these machines has parallel columns ofvertically arranged index point or perforation receiving positions.These positions are punched according to a predetermined code todesignate data. In tabulating information from record cards, the latterare usually sent through the machine in groups, the group characteristicor classification depending on a selected item designation in a selectedcolumn. Thus, if cards are punched with yearly data, the groups may bearranged by years, all cards of the same year being in one group. If thecards in the year group are to be further sub-classified by monthcharacterizations, then the cards of the same month are arranged in agroup in the larger year group. The larger group is then known as themajor group and its subdivisions are known as the minor groups.

The tabulating machine has major and minor group change sensing means.When the major group change is sensed, a total printing and resettingcycle is initiated for taking a total (ineluding printing) of the itemsentered in selected accumulators under control of the entire major groupof cards. The accumulators are then reset or zeroized. When a minorgroup change is sensed, a total printing and resetting cycle isinitiated for taking the total of the items entered in selectedaccumulators under control of the cards of the minor group, followingwhich the latter accumulators are reset.

The above is the ordinary operation of a tabulating machine such asdisclosed, for example, in Patent No. 1,976,617.

The present invention contemplates improvements in the above scheme ofoperation.

First, it is intended to suppress, eliminate, or skip a total printingoperation under certain conditions even when a group change is sensed.

Second, the conditions mentioned in the preceding paragraph are to beselected and designated by the cards; more particularly, such selectionand designation is to be efiected by a special or predetermineddesignation on a card; still further, the special or predetermineddesignation is to establish a condition for skipping total printing inaccordance with the analysis or sensing of this designation by the cardreading or analyzing means.

Third, it is intended to suppress or skip not only total printing butalso resetting under certain conditions denoted by the cards.

More specifically, the latter intention is to suppress initiation or thetotal taking and resetting cycle even though a group change occurs orwhen there is no actual group change butonly an apparent one; furtherthis is tobe eflected by suppressing the sensing of a real or apparentgroup change by the group change sensing means under predeterminedconditions.

Fourth, it is intended to suppress perception of a group change by thesensing means and to restore such perception only upon a change to aselected group. Stated in another way, it is intended to selectivelycontrol the perceptiveness of the group change sensing means in order tomake the latter responsive to certain group changes and non-responsiveto other group changes.

Further, the above contemplates ignoring of changes from one card groupto another of a plurality of certain such groups and the recognition ofa change from the aforesaid plurality of groups to another plurality ofcertain other such groups to initiate total taking of thefirst-mentioned plurality of groups.

During the first tabulating or card item analyzing cycle which follows atotal print and reset cycle, means are provided to operate groupindicating devices. The means for thus operating the group indicatingmeans is normally ineil'ective during the second tabulating cyclefollowing the reset cycle.

The present invention contemplates the holding over of the means foroperating the group indicating means to another tabulating cycle,specifically, the second.

Other objects will appear from the further parts of the specificationand from the drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is the upper part of the circuit diagram.

Fig. 1a is the lower part of the circuit and a continuation of thecircuit shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 2 is a timing diagram.

Fig. 3 diagrammatically shows groups of cards arranged to run throughthe machine and in connection with which the invention is applied.

Fig. 4 shows another example of cards for which the invention isutilized, and

Fig. 5 shows a third example of cards for which the invention is used.-

First case Assume cards are perforated with amounts due and thedesignations of the debtors. Such cards may be termed due cards.Further, assume when a debtor pays up the amount due that a I card isperforated with the amount paid and the designation of the payor. Suchcard may be termed a paid" card. When the cards are sorted into groupsaccording to the debtor designations, some groups may contain a "paidcard'. When the machine is to tabulate and list the items due togetherwith the designations of the debtors, then those groups containing apaid card should be eliminated. To avoid the searching out of suchgroups from the stack of cards and their elimination prior to thetabulating operation, means are provided to cause the tabulating machineitself to recognize such groups and to eliminate the printing of datafrom such groups.

Fig. 3 represents iive cards run through the machine in ascending order.The first card belongs in group 5, the next three cards are in group 4,and the last card is in group 2. The middle card of group 4 is a paid"card and has an X perforation in a column other than the group controlcolumn.

As disclosed in Patent No. 1,976,617, automatic group change sensingmeans are provided which normally initiate total taking operationsincluding printing and resetting upon the sensing of a group change.During tabulating operations, a motor control relay 23 is kept energizedand the first effect of the sensing of a group change is to deenergizerelay 23.

During the item analyzing period 9 through X H of the tabulating cycle,the following circuit is effective to delay sensing operation of thegroup change sensing means and consequent deenergization of motorcontrol relay 2! (Fig. 1).

Motor control relay circuit-A.From line 20, through holding contacts 2 la, magnet 2|, magnet 22, motor control relay 23, line 24, terminal 25,cam contacts LIB, cam contacts L5, terminal 25, and lead 21, to line 28.

Relay 23, during energization, holds contacts 23a closed to maintain thefollowing circuit in operation (Fig. 1).

Tabulating clutch circuit-B.-,F'rom line 20, through cam contacts Pl,tabulating clutch magnet 30, relay 3|, line 52, relay 33, contacts 23a,line 34, upper card lever relay contacts UCIa, contacts 33c, line 35,stop key contacts SP, contacts 23a, and to line 28.

Relay 3| is energized by above circuit to maintain contacts 3la closedfor completing a circuit through tabulating motor TM while clutch magnet30 is energized by above circuit to couple the tabulating mechanism tomotor TM for operation.

When cards of the same group are passing the upper and lower analyzingbrushes U3 and LB. respectively, then the following circuit isestablished during the item analyzing period (Fig. 1).

Pickup coil circuit-C.From line 20, through cam contacts Li I, commoncontact member 21 of the upper card analyzer, upper brush UB sensing agroup designating perforation in the upper card, plug wire 38, plugsocket 39, pickup coil 40 of group control relay R, plug socket 4i, plugwire 42, brush LB sensing the group designating perforation in the lowercard, common contact member 43 of the lower card analyzer, make andbreak contacts 44, lower card lever contacts LCL', and to line 28.

Coil 40 is energized by above circuit to close contacts Ru and Rb.Contacts Ra, upon closure, complete a holding circuit through coil 45 ofrelay R, as follows (Fig. 1).

Holding coil circuit of relay R--D.From line 20 through cam contactsLl2, contacts Ba, coil 4|, line 21, and to line 28.

Holding coil 45 is maintained active by above circuit to keep contactsRb closed during the open period of cam contacts L9 and LIB when circuitA must be maintained through a shunt path. This shunt path is asfollows:

Shunt path A-1 of motor control relay circuit A.-From terminal 25,through closed contact Rb, plug wire 41, switch 48 (closed for firstcase) contacts UCLe, and to terminal 25.

By means of above circuit path, motor control relay 23 continues to beenergized when cam contacts L9, Llfl open, provided the upper and lowercards passing through the upper and lower card analyzers have agreeingcontrol perforations.

During tabulating cycles, the items on the lower cards are read by thelower analyzer and entered into selected accumulator banks. When a lowerbrush senses an item, the following circuit is formed:

Add circuit-E.-From line 25, through contacts LCL', contacts 44, commonmember 42 of the lower analyzer, the brush LB sensing a perforation, aplug connection (not shown) to plug socket 50 of the selectedaccumulator bank Acc. I (see Fig. 1a), add magnet 52, and to line 20.

Energization of add magnet 52 enters the item sensed by the lower brushinto the accumulator bank in. a, manner fully disclosed inaforementioned Patent No. 1,976,617.

The setting of the accumulator bank correspondingly sets the readoutcommutator 52 for a purpose which will be made clear later.

In the case being discussed now, during tabulating cycles, listing orprinting of the items is not desired, and therefore switch 54 (bottom ofFig. 1a is closed). Further, during tabulating cycles, a relay 55(bottom of Fig, 1 is energized, as follows:

Circuit F.From line 28, through contacts LCL', cam contacts P9, normallyclosed contacts 58a, contacts 230, magnet 55, and to line 20.

Magnet 55 is energized by above circuit to close contacts 55a and opencontacts 55b (bottom of Fig. 1a) and with switch 54 and contacts 550closed, a circuit is established through a magnet 55.

Energization of magnet 58 opens parallel contacts 58a and closescontacts 5821. With contacts 580 open, when an add circuit E is formed,the shunt path through contacts 58a for energizing print magnets 50 isopen and consequently no printing during tabulating cycles will takeplace.

When the group changes, the upper and lower cards do not have agreeinggroup perforations. Therefore, shunt path Al cannot form and when camcontacts L9, Llll open, motor control relay 23 is deenergized; itscontacts 22a open and its contacts 23b close.

Near the end of the tabulating cycle in which contacts 23b closed, camcontacts L2 close to establish the following circuit (Fig. 1)

Initiating circuit of total taking cycle-G.- From line 20, throughcontacts PI, line 52, relay 55, cam contacts L3, switch 53 (closed),contacts 25b, and to line 28.

Relay 55 is energized by above circuit to close contacts P3, contacts560, reset clutch magnet Bl, contacts Ll, contacts 56b, and to line 28.

When clutch magnet 64 is energized, it closes contacts 64' to form thefollowing circuit:

Reset motor circuit-In-From line 20, through reset motor RM magnet 65,contacts 64', and to line 28.

Now, with reset clutch magnet 64 energized and reset motor RM inoperation, the total taking and reset cycle begins.

The accumulator bank selecting switches S (Fig. 1a) are set for minorgroup control by positioning switch arm 66 with its upper pair ofconductively connected brushes 66a and b in coniii tact wtih terminals61a and b and its lower conductlvely connected brushes 66c and d incontact with terminals 610 and d. The upper and lower pairs of brushesare insulated from each other.

When motor control relay 23 was deenergized and relay 56 energized (bycircuit G), then contacts 23c and 56a opened to break circuit F, therebydeenergizing magnet 55. As a result, contacts 55!) (bottom of Fig. closeand contacts 55a open.

At the beginning of the reset cycle, cam contacts P6 close to form thefollowing circuit (Fig. 10):

Circuit J.-From line 20, through cam contacts P6, terminal G'lc, brushes66c and d, terminal 61d, line 68, contacts 551) (now closed), magnet 58,and to line 28,.

Magnet 53 is energized by circuit J to close contacts 58b which seriallyconnect the readout commutators 53 and the printing magnets 60.

During the reset cycle, the reset motor RM drives feeler arm 10 ofemitter E in synchronism with the movement of the type members (notshown) and the following total print circuit is formed at a differentialtime depending on the setting of the readout commutators 53.

Total print circuit K.From line 20, through a print magnet 60, contacts581), a readout commutator 53, emitter E, special relay contacts 12a,make and break contacts 13, switch 14, and to line 28.

The above circuit energizes a print magnet 60 to cause printing of thetotal standing on the associated accumulator.

Circuit I which energized reset motor RM also energized magnet 65.Energization of magnet 65 closes contacts 65a (bottom of Fig. 1a) tocomplete the following circuit:

Reset circuit-L.From line 20, through terminal 67a, brushes 66a and b,terminal 611), reset magnet 15, contacts 65a, and to line 28.

Energization of reset magnet 75 causes resetting of the accumulator tooccur after the total printing operation, as is fully explained inaforesaid Patent No. 1,976,617.

Thus far, the ordinary operation of the machine has been described andthe only special feature included in the description was the relaycontacts 12a in the total print circuit K.

When contacts 12a are opened, the total print circuit K is incompleteand total printing will not take place. Resetting will neverthelessoccur and the final result will be a nullifying of the entries made intoan accumulator by resetting the accumulator, unaccompanied by a totalprinting of the reading. Since listing or printing of the items duringtabulating cycles also was prevented, it follows that when contacts 12aare opened, the group of cards which passed through the machineimmediately preceding the total print and reset cycle will be eliminatedentirely from the tabulation, which in the present case consists of alist of totals.

Relay contacts 12a are opened whenever a group contains a paid card. Thepaid card, as previously explained, has an X perforation in a selectedcolumn (see Fig. 3). When the "paid" card is passing through the loweranalyzer, the X hole is sensed to complete the following circuit (Fig.l)

Elimination circuit-M.From line 28, through contacts LCL', contacts 44,common 43 of the lower analyzer, the brush LB sensing the X perforation,plug wire 80, special plug socket 8|, special cam contacts L32 (timed toclose at the X point), special relay 12, special closed contacts PI5,hand switch 82, and to line 20.

Energization of magnet I2 by above circuit opens contacts 12a in totalprint circuit K and also closes holding contacts 121; to by-pass camcontacts L32 and the lower analyzer part of the circuit.

Magnet I2 is thus maintained energized until cam contacts PIS openshortly after the printing portion of the total print and reset cyclewhich follows passage through the lower analyzer of the group of cardsin which a paid card occurred. The position of the paid card in thegroup is immaterial. No matter where it happens to be in the group,circuit M will be formed and held until after the total printing periodof the reset cycle which follows the change to the next group of cards.

In above manner, whenever a group of cards includes a paid card, theprinting of the ,total from the entire group is suppressed. Case 1 givenhere is merely illustrative; the paid card may be considered a specialcard or one containing a special perforation and may also be termed an'elimination card. The group containing the special card may be termed aspecial group.

Second case The cards are arranged in groups, the first card in eachgroup being a header card. The other cards of the group may be termeddetail cards. The header cards have a major group field punched with amajor group designation and are blank in the minor group columns. Thedetail cards are perforated in the minor group columns and are blank inthe major group columns (see Fig. 4). In addition, the header card hasan X hole in a selected column which preferably is a different columnthan the one selected for containing the X hole of a paid card in Case1.

Before beginning operations under the second case, major shunt switch 48(circuit path A--l) is opened.

During passage of two, detail cards of the same group under the lowerand upper brushes, circuit A through motor control relay 23 will be ineffect, as described in connection with the first case. The minorcontrol columns of these detail cards have agreeing control perforationsand consequently during the item reading period of the tabulating cycle,a pick-up coil circuit C will be formed, followed by the formation ofholding circuit D, so that contacts Rb are closed when cam contacts L9,LIB open. When the latter cam contacts open, a minor shunt path forrelay 23 circuit will be formed as follows (Fig. 1)

Shunt patch A-2 of motor control relay circuit A.From terminal 25,through contacts Rb, plug wire 41, line 84, a special hand switch 85(closed for the second case), special relay contacts 86a, and toterminal 26.

If, for any reason, the minor group designations do not agree, a minortotal taking and resetting cycle will be initiated by failure of shuntpath A2 to form.

In the present case, the brushes sensing the major group designations ofthe cards are not plugged to any of relays R, although it would beimmaterial it they were plugged in, since the major group change in Case2 is not sensed by operation of relays R as will appear from thefollowing description.

During passage of two detail cards through the upper and lower brushes,their blank major group fields, withthe ordinary construction and withswitch 48 open, would cause a major group control operation to beeffected whether the major field sensing brushes were or were notconnected to'relays R. Since no major change has in fact occurred, suchmajor control operation should not be eifected. According to the presentinvention, the major control circuit is maintained in operation,independently of the major group fields of either detail or header cardsand the major group designations of the header card are merely forcontrolling major group indicating.

During passage of detail cards through the upper and lower analyzers,the following major control circuits are in effect (Fig. 1):

Major control circuit N-through cam contacts L9.From line 28, throughline 81, contacts 88a, major control relay 88, contacts L9, terminal 26,line 21, and to line 28.

Major control circuit N-1.--From line 28,

through line 81, contacts 88a, "major relay 88, line 84, switch 85,contacts 88a, terminal 26, line 21, and to line 28. When cam contacts L9open after the X point of the cycle, circuit N breaks but circuit N--Iis still in operation and major relay 88 remains energized.

When the last detail card of a group is under the lower brushes, theheader card of the next v group is under the upper brushes, and both amajor and minor group control operation must be eflected. As is usual,the major group control operation carries along with it a minor controloperation. The minor shunt path A--2, formed to keep circuit A in effectafter cam contacts L9, LI8 open, and the major control circuit N-I whichmust keep the major relay 88 in operation after cam contacts L9 open,both include closed relay contacts 88a.

During the passage of the last detail card of a group through the loweranalyzer, relay contacts 88a must be opened to manifest major and minorgroup changes. The relay contacts 88a are opened under control of the Xhole in the header card when analyzed by the upper card analyzer. Whenthe X hole of the header card is sensed by the upper brushes, thefollowing circuit is formed (Fig. 1):

Circuit O.From line 28, through cam contacts LI I, common 91 of theupper analyzer, thebrush UB sensing the X hole, a plug connection 98, aplug socket 9|, special cam contacts L33 (closed a, before X and openedat the I2 point of the tabulating cycle), special relay 88, special handswitch 92 (closed for the second case), and to line 28.

Circuit 0 energizes relay 86 to close contacts 8817 which forms thefollowing holding circuit:

Circuit O1.From line 28, through cam contacts LI5, line 94, line 95,contacts 88b, relay 86, switch 92, and line 28.

Circuit 0-I maintains relay 88 energized afterthe X hole has passed theupper analyzing brush.

Relay 88, energized at the X cycle point opens contacts 88a while camcontacts L9, LI8 afe open, thus causing a break in minor shunt path A2and a break in major control circuit N-I. As a result 01' the "minorcontrol break, a total taking and resetting cycle is initiated durinwhich the total of the items entered from the detail cards of the grouppreceding the header card is printed.

As a result of the major control break, "major" relay 88 is deenergized.Assume Acc. I (Fig. 1a) to have received the major group indicationwhich must now be cleared to prepare it for receiving the new majorgroup indication from the header card which just controlled the majorand minor break. Lever 68 of switch S will have been set with itsbrushes 66a and b in contact with terminals 96a and 96b and its brushes88c and d engaged with terminals 980 and d. When major" relay 88 isdeenergized, contacts 88b close to complete the following circuit:

Circuit P.--From line 28, through line 81, contacts 88b, switch 91, line98 (continued in Fig. 1a), magnet 99 contacts 65a (closed byenergization of magnet 65 in the reset motor circuit I) and to line 28.

Energization of magnet 99 closes contacts 99a and b. Closure of contacts99a forms a shunt path directly from line 28 through contacts 99a andmagnet 99, which by-passes relay contacts 88b.

Closure of contacts 99b forms the following circuit (Fig. 1a):

Circuit Q.From line 28, through cam contacts P8, line I88, contacts9911, line I8I, termlnal 98c, feelers 88c and d, terminal 96d,,line 88,contacts 55b, magnet 58, and to line 28.

Magnet 58 closes contacts 58b which connects printing magnets 68 to thereadout commutators 53, and printing of the major group indication iseffected by circuit K, as previously explained. It group indicationwithout printing is desired, thenswitch 14 (see right side of Fig. 1a)of circuit K is opened. v

To clear the major" accumulator, the following circuit is operative toenergize clearing magnet 15:

Circuit R.From line 28, through contacts 99a, line I82, terminal 96a,brushes 88a and b, terminal 98b, magnet 15, contacts 85a, to line 28.

The major and minor group change sensing under control of the X hole ofthe header card upon its analysis by an upper brush UB has beenexplained.

During the passage of the header card oi! the new group through thelower analyzer, the major group designation borne by this card isentered into the accumulator selected'for major group indication. Thisis done as follows:

The preceding total print cycle momentarily closed cam contacts P5 toestablish the circuit below (Fig. 1): I

Circuit S.--From line 28 through a magnet I85, a switch I84 (inindicating position), cam contacts P5, lower card lever contacts LCL(closed during the reset cycle), and to line 28.

Energization of magnet I85 closes holding contacts I85a and multiplecontacts I85b. Closing of contacts I 850. forms the following shuntcircuit for magnet I85:

Circuit S1.From line 28, through magnet I85, contacts line 28.

Ia, cam contacts L1, and to 7 Closing of contacts lflb occurred duringthe reset cycle and is continued through the item analyzing interval ofthe next and first tabulat ing cycle of the new group, being opened bybreaking of circuit 8-! upon opening of contacts L1.

The lower brushes LB for sensing the major group field are plugged, sayto sockets I06 at one side of companion contacts I051), while plugsockets ID! at the opposite side are plug connected to sockets 50 of theselected accumulator. Thus, when the header card is passing through thelower analyzer, the following entry circuit for the selected accumulatoris formed:

Circuit T.-From line 28, through contacts LCL', contacts 44, common 43,the brush LB, sensing a major field perforation, the plug connection(not shown) to socket I06, the paired contacts lliib (now closed) inseries with the socket Hit, the serially connected socket I01, the plugconnection (not shown) to socket 50 of the selected accumulator, the addmagnet 52, and to line 20.

The header card has no minor group designations. The second card of thenew group; namely, the first detail card, has the minor groupindication. Since contacts L1 open to break circuit SI during the firsttabulating cycle, magnet l and contacts i051; will be open during thepassage of the first detail card of the new group through the loweranalyzer. In order to effect minor group indicating, magnet i 05 isenergized, in the present case, during the second tabulating cycle.

Further, when the header card and the following detail card are underlower and upper brushes, respectively, an apparent group change ispresented due to absence of minor group designations on the header card.Consequently, circuit path A2 will not form and unless provision weremade to the contrary, a minor total printing and reset cycle would occurafter the header card passed the lower analyzer.

The analysis of the X hole in the header card by a lower brush LB isutilized to control means to hold over the minor group indicating periodto the second tabulating cycle and to suppress minor group changesensing at the end of the first tabulating cycle.

As substantially shown in Fig. 2, contacts US are closed from thebeginning of the tabulating cycle to just before the X cycle point, thenafter a brief open gap, close again at an intermediate point of the Xcycle interval, and then remain closed until opened again near the Xcycle point of the next tabulating cycle. During the portion of the Xcycle interval in which contacts L|5 are closed, contacts L34 are stillclosed. The X hole of a card column traverses a brush UB or LB duringthe X cycle interval, so that when the X hole of the header card issensed by a lower brush LB, during the time that contacts U5 and L34 areboth simultaneously closed, the following circuit is formed:

Circuit U.-From line 28, through contacts LCL', contacts 44, lowercommon 43, lower brush LB sensing the X hole of the header card, a plugconnection (not shown) to socket Ill) (Fig. 1), cam contacts L34 (closedduring the X to 12 period), line Ill, magnets H2 and H3 in parallel,line 94, cam contacts U5, and to line 20.

Energization of magnet H2 closes contact Ilia to shunt out the loweranalyzing means and cam contacts L34 as follows: From line 20, th oughcontacts Ll5, line 94, magnets H2 and H3, in

parallel, contacts ilIa, switch 92, to line 28. Thus, when contacts L34open, the shunt circult is operative, so that magnets H2 and H3 remainenergized when cam contacts L9 andLlO in minor control circuit A openlater in the cycle.

Magnet "2 also closes contacts 2b to form the following shunt path forcircuit A and prevent deenergization of motor control relay 23 when camcontacts L9, LIO open.

Shunt path A2'.From terminal 25, through special line H5, contacts 2b,and to terminal 28.

By means of shunt path A-Z', the apparent group change between theheader card and the following detail card, both in the same group, isrendered ineflective to cause a minor control break with consequentinitiation of a total print and reset cycle.

There is also an apparent major group change betweenthe header card andthe following detail card, but before cam contacts L9 open, cam contactsLl5 open to break circuit Ol, thereby causing deenergization of relay 86with the resulting closure of contacts 860 so that major control circuitN-l is returned to operation.

Cam contacts Ll5 make again, as previously explained, at an intermediatepoint of the gap between the X and 12 cycle points to permit formationof circuit U when the X hole of the header card is sensed by a brush LB,thereby suppressing an apparent minor group change, as above explained.Thus, during the first tabulating cycle of a series, when the headercard is passing the lower brushes, the apparent minor and major groupchanges are rendered ineifective to cause group control change sensingoperations. During the second tabulating cycle of the series, camcontacts L15 break before cam contacts L9, LID open so that the holdingcircuit of magnets H2 and H3 is opened. This restores the minor groupchange sensing control to relays R which requires making of shunt pathA2 under control of agreeing minor group perforations. The major controlchange sensing means remains in the same condition as at the laterportion of the first tabulating cycle and until the X hole of the nextheader card is sensed by an upper brush UB.

During the first tabulating cycle of the series, the major groupindication was entered in a selected accumulator by circuit T, asalready explained. The header card has no minor group item so that minorgroup indication must be taken from the second card of the roup, whichis also the first detail card of the g oup.

It will be recalled that circuit U energized magnets H2 and H3. Thefunction of magnet i I3 is to permit group indication during the secondtabulating cycle. Energization of magnet I I3 closes contact 3a (bottomof Fig. 1) during the X cycle point of the first tabulating cycle andholds these contacts closed during the item analyzing period of thesecond tabulating cycle during which the first detail card traverses thelower brushes.

When contacts I I3a close, the following circuit is formed throughmagnet I05: xn

Circuit S2.From -'line 20, through agnet I05, switch I04, contacts 3a,card lever contacts LCL', and to line 28.

Magnet I05 holds contacts 1% closed during the second tabulating cycleand with the brushes LB sensing the minor group field plugged toselected sockets I06 and a selected accumulator plugged to sockets I01,the minor group designation will be entered in the accumulator duringthe second tabulating cycle by circuits such as circuit T, previouslydescribed.

Case 3 It is desired to suppress minor group total taking and resettingoperations until the change is made to a selected group. For example, ifthe cards have monthly data and are arranged in groups classified bymonths, it may be desired to obtain the semi-annual totals only. Thefirst six months groups 1, 2 6 are arranged in any order but in advanceof the second six months groups. It is required, however, that the firstgroup of second six months groups be the seventh month group.

In case 3, switch 48, is closed, so that major control magnet 88 isenergized through a circuit from line 20, through line 81, contacts 88a,magnet 88, switch 48, contacts UCLe, line 21, to line 28. Energizationof magnet 88 by this circuit continues until a card fails to feed tobrushes UB, as a result of which card lever relay contacts UCLe open tobreak above circuit. Major control magnet 88, however, remains energizedthrough control circuit N until contacts L9 open during the nexttabulating cycle when the last card passes through the lower analyzer.

In the present case, the cards for one year only are run through themachine. Thus, when the second multiple or plural group of six monthlygroups of cards has passed through the machine, the cards will bedepleted, and major control relay 88 will be deenergized to initiate amajor total taking operation during which major and minor totals aretaken.

When the first six months groups pass through the machine, then thefirst card of the seventh month group arrives at the upper brush, andwith such arrival, means are provided to effect total taking of thepreceding six months groups. Before arrival of the seventh month group,means are provided to suppress sensing of monthly group changes, andsimilarly after the total taking of the first six months group initiatedby arrival of the seventh month group at the upper brushes, sensing ofmonthly group changes is again suppressed until the cards are exhausted.

When cards of the same group are concurrently passing the upper andlower card analyzers, minor shunt path AI will be formed to keep motorcontrol relay 23 energized.

When any group change occurs except to the seventh month group, thenmotor control relay is maintained energized during the open interval ofcam contacts L9, LIII by the following shunt path for circuit A:

Shunt path A3.--From terminal 25, through line I28, special relaycontacts I22a, special switch I2I (closed for Case 3), plug wire 41,switch 48 (closed for Case 3) contacts UCLe, and terminal 28.

When a card with a 7 classification appears at the upper brushes, totaltaking of all the preceding groups is to be effected and the means forsuppressing group change sensing is to be rendered ineffective. This isdone under control of the 7 group perforation and the upper brushsensing this perforation. When the 7" is sensed by the upper brush UB,the following circuit is established:

Circuit W.--From line 20, through cam contacts LII, upper common 31,brush UB sensing the "7 in the group control column, plug connection 38,plug connection extension I 24, plug socket I25, special cam contacts L(closed during the '1 cycle interval), special magnets I28, I22, cardlever contacts LCL, and to line 28.

Magnet I28, being energized, closes contacts I28a to by-passcam L35 andthe upper analyzer and to maintain magnets I28 and I22 energized throughthe following circuit:

Circuit W1.From line 28, through line I21, special cam contacts L88,contacts I28a, magnets I25, I22, contacts LCL, and to line 28.

Magnet I22, upon energization, opens contacts I22a in shunt path A-8 andholds these contacts open during the open interval of cam contacts L9,LIII. Consequently, circuit A is broken and a total print and resetcycle follows.

In above manner, group change sensing was placed under control of thesensing of a selected designation of the upper card by the upperanalyzer and was not controlled by a comparison of the upper and lowercards. This is analogous to Case 2 where a major group change sensingwas under control of the analysis of an X hole by the upper analyzer.The 3d case illustrates this principle as applied only to the minorgroup change sensing and with a selected number designation other thanthe X hole, whereby a change to a selected group efiects multi-grouptotal taking whereas in Case 2, change to any group effected major andminor total taking of the single preceding group.

SUMMARY In Case 1, the presence of an X hole on a paid" card falling inany order within its group of due cards causes elimination of totalprinting of the items taken from the entire such group. The presence ofthe special X hole is sensed by the lower card analyzer to formelimination circuit M which is held in operation while the remainingcards of the same group pass through the machine and throughout theprinting period of the total taking cycle which follows the passage ofthe last card of the group past the lower analyzer.

This eliminaiton circuit opens contacts 12a in total print circuit K sothat total printing of the accumulation of items from the cards of thegroup is suppressed. Clearing of the accumulators takes place, however.The final result is the complete elimination from the tabulation of datataken from any group including a special card.

The total printing control is restored to normal by cyclical meanscomprising cam contacts PI8, which open after the printing portion ofthe reset cycle.

In Case 2, total printing is suppressed as in Case 1, but also clearingof the accumulators is suppressed; that is, the entire total taking andreset cycle is suppressed following an apparent minor group change(between the header card and the following detail card) as well asfollowing an apparent major group change (between two successive detailcards or between a header card and the following detail card). Thissuppression upon an apparent minor group change is effected when thelower analyzer senses a special perforation, the X hole, in a specialheader card. The sensing of the special perforation by the loweranalyzer forms circuit U through magnet II2 to close shunt path A-2'which suppresses apparent minor group change sensing operation. Therestoration to normal of the minor group change sensing means iseffected by the cyclical means comprising cam contacts LI5 when theyopen during the second tabulating cycle of a series to open the holdingcircuit through relay I I2.

The apparent, though not actual, major group changes are suppressed bythe normal closure of a pair of relay contacts 86a to form major controlcircuit Nl which prevents major group change operation. The sensing ofthe actual major group change is effected by the opening of contacts 86awhen the upper analyzer senses the special X hole on the header card toform circuit which energizes relay 86. The major group change sensingsuppression is restored to normal by cyclical means comprising camcontacts Ll when they open during the first tabulating cycle of the newseries.

In Case 2, the minor group indication period is held over to the secondtabulating cycle of the series by energization of magnet H3 by circuit Uwhich is completed by analysis of the special perforation of the firstcard of the group by the lower card analyzer.

In Case 3, as well as in Cases 1 and 2, total printing is suppressedwhen a group change is sensed by the ordinary group change sensingmeans. As in Case 2, zeroizing as well as total printing is suppressedupon apparent group change. In Case 3, the suppression is effected bynormally closed contacts l22a, forming shunting path A-J. Thesuppressing means is rendered ineffective by sensing of a predeterminedspecial perforation by the upper brushes. This causes circuits W and W-lto be formed for energizing magnet I22 to open contacts Ina, therebybreaking minor group sensing shunt path A-3. At the beginning of thefirst tabulating cycle of the new series, cyclical means comprising camcontacts L38 open to restore the suppressing means to normal. Thus, inCase 3, total taking of a preceding series of groups is effected when aselected group arrives at the upper analyzer while single group changesensing is suppressed.

Cases 1 and 2 may be combined to permit the machine to operate at thesame time with the joint features of these two cases. Thus, with switch48 (Fig. 1) open, switches 85 and 92 closed, the plug connection tosocket H0 made from the brush LB sensing the column in which the x holeof the "header" card is punched, and plug connection .0 made from thecorresponding brush UB, sensing the latter column, to plug socket II,the machine is set for operation under Case 2 on header and detailcards. At the same time, switch 82 may remain closed as in Case 1operation and plug connection 80 made from the lower brush LB, sensingthe columnv in which the x hole of the "paid" card is punched, to plugsocket II. It is understood that the X hole bearing column of a "paid"card is different than the x hole bearing column or a "header card" sothat the X hole of a paid" card will not besemedbythebrushUBconnectedtoplugwire 90 and so that the X hole of aheader card will not be sensed by the brush LB connected to plug wire80.

The machine is now set for operation according to the features of Cases1 and 2. The shunt circuit A2' will be operative to suppress minor groupchange operation during the first cycle when there is an apparent minorgroup change between the header card and the following card. Theapparent major group change during the first cycle also will besuppressed in the manner explained in connection with Case 2. The shuntcircuit Al of case 1 will not be operative but the shunt circuit A-2 ofCase 2 will act after the first cycle to maintain the machine intabulating cycle operation until the minor group control number of thelast card of a group finds no agreement in the minor group field of thenext card. If the latter card is a header card, a total taking cyclewill be initiated to cause the total of the preceding group to berecorded. If this preceding group had as one of its cards a paid card,then switch 12a of circuit M would have been opened, so that the totalwould not be recorded but zeroizing would be effected during the totaltaking cycle.

While the invention has been disclosed in the several forms herein shownand described, it is understood that the principles of the invention maybe utilized in other forms and with changes, modifications andvariations within the scope of mechanical skill. I therefore intend tobe limited only by the scope of the following claim.

What is claimed is as follows:

In a machine for operating cyclically on successive cards of a group, anintermediate one of which has certain group data to control groupchangesensing means which is adapted to vary machine operation upon occurrenceof a change in the group data; means to analyze the cards for data,group designating means, normally ineffective entering connectionsbetween the analyzing means and the group designating means, contactsclosed under control of the analyzing means upon analyzing a specialdesignation of a card which is within the same group as and whichimmediately precedes the intermediate card, a circuit completed byclosure of said contacts, a holding circuit established by theaforementioned circuit, means operated by the first mentioned circuitand the holding circuit for rendering said connections effective duringanalysis of the intermediate card so as to enter the group data from theintermediate card into the group designating means, and means forbreaking the holding circuit to cause the said connections to becomeineilective again before the card following the intermediate card isanalyzed.

GUSTAV V. A. MALMROS.

